The treasure was put aboard two Spanish military C-130s planes. They took off Friday from a Florida Air Force base with 595,000 silver coins and other gold aboard. They are expected to land in Madrid's Torrejon Air Base after a 24-hour flight after two stops -- New Jersey and the Azores.
"Today a journey that began 200 years ago is finally ending. We are recovering a historical legacy and a treasure. This is not money, is our history," Spain's ambassador to the United States, Jorge Dezcallar de Mazar, was reported as saying as the planes took off.
Consisting of 18t- century silver coins weighing more than 17 tons, hundreds of gold coins, worked gold and other artifacts, the treasure has been at the center of an acrimonious international legal battle ever since it was discovered in 2007 by underwater robots from Odyssey Marine Exploration, a Florida-based treasure-hunting company.
Valued at as much as $500 million -- the richest shipwreck haul in history -- the trove was handled by Odyssey and shipped straight to the United States.
The company, which, according to earnings statements, spent $2.6 million to retrieve, transport, store and conserve the precious cargo, has been unable to remove the silver and gold coins from warehouses at the Numismatic Guaranty Corporation in Sarasota, Fla.
Immediately after the treasure was recovered, Spain filed a claim arguing that the treasure originated from the Nuestra Senora de las Mercedes. This was a 36-gun Spanish frigate which sunk off the coast of Portugal in 1804 with 200 people aboard following a battle with four British Navy ships.
According to an international maritime law known as doctrine of sovereign immunity, active-duty naval vessels on a non-commercial mission remain the property of the countries that commissioned them. Spain thus claimed the exclusive property of the wreck and its cargo.
Odyssey argued there was not enough evidence to prove the wreck, which they codenamed "Black Swan," was the Mercedes and even if that were the case, the ship’s last voyage, from Montevideo to Cadiz, was commercial in nature. The majority of coins on board were owned by private merchants, not by Spain, Odyssey insisted.
After a five-year court battle, and staggering revelations from WikiLeaks documents, a U.S. federal judge established that the United States had no jurisdiction in the case and ordered the treasure returned to Spain by Friday.
For days, a team of Spanish numismatic experts examined the precious coins, overlooking their packing into the same white plastic containers in which the coins were brought to the U.S. in 2007.
The cargo planes took off with the treasure despite an emergency appeal made by Peru to the U.S. Supreme Court on Thursday.
Read more at Discovery News
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